15 results
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Red Blood Cell (RBC ... spherocytosis, Autoimmune ... Agglutinate: Cold autoimmune ... #Morphology #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Hemolysis - Differential ... 2) External (RBC ... Defects, Drugs, Liver ... 3) Internal (RBC ... Diagnosis #hematology
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA ... ↑ LDH • Anti-RBC ... • Blood smear: Differential ... #diagnosis #management ... #treatment #rheumatology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Diagnostic Framework ... idiopathic) - Autoimmune ... • Intrinsic RBC ... Extravascular #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
- Differential ... hypertension • Unusual RBC ... acanthocytes - Consider RBC ... elliptocytosis, autoimmune ... #workup #hematology
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
, PBC, PSC, IgG4 ... stone, Malignancy, PBC ... • Bilirubin: RBC ... cardiac muscle, RBC ... • LDH: Heart, RBC
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework by MCV

Microcytic (MCV < 80) "TAILS":
 • Thalassemia
Spherocytosis, G6PD, PK, HbC ... - Extrinsic: Autoimmune ... Non-megaloblastic: Liver ... disease, Alcoholism ... #Diagnosis #hematology
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology Atlas
 • Microcytic - Iron-deficiency anemia, Thalassemia, Sideroblastic anemia, Lead poisoning
Red Blood Cell (RBC ... , Liver diseases ... coagulopathy (DIC) #RBC ... #differential # ... hematology
Bandemia Overview

Normal: < 1%
Clinically significant: > 10%

Band neutrophils are slightly less mature than segmented neutrophils and
Even with normal WBC ... relative to both WBC ... 21% had normal WBC ... #WBC #CBC #hematology ... #pathophysiology
Reticulocyte Production Index = (Retic %) x (Hct / 45) / Maturation Factor
The maturation factor is
transform into a RBC ... Chronic kidney disease ... , Intrinsic RBC ... Production #Index #hematology ... #anemia #differential