10 results
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
• Ketones • Leukocyte ... Bacteria, yeast and parasites ... • Urinary casts ... #urine #UNa #casts ... #glucosuria #hematuria
Causes of Dysuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pyuria - Leukocytes on Dipstick/Microscopy
 - Bacteriuria & Hematuria -
Algorithm Pyuria - Leukocytes ... Bacteriuria & Hematuria ... Pyelonephritis - WBC Casts ... Bacteriuria & No Hematuria ... No Pyuria - No Leukocytes
Cyclosporiasis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Pathogen: 
 • Cyclospora cayetanensis
 • Foodborne, waterbone, and soil-transmitted.
 •
intracellular parasite ... • Unsporulated cysts ... #microbiology #infectiousdiseases
Neurocysticercosis (NCC) Summary
Pathogen: Larval stage of Taenia solium
Infection: Ingesting undercooked pork containing cysticerci in muscle tissue.
Degenerative: Parasite ... Treatment: • 1-2 cysts ... albendazol • >2 cysts ... Neurocysticercosis #NCC #parasites ... #infectiousdiseases
Amebiasis - Balamuthia mandrillaris Life Cycle
1) Cysts
2) Trophozoite
3) Mitosis
4) Amebae (cysts and trophozoites) can enter humans
Life Cycle 1) Cysts ... Mitosis 4) Amebae (cysts ... pathophysiology #infectiousdiseases ... #cdc #parasite
Amebiasis - Acanthamoeba Life Cycle
1) Cysts
2) Trophozoite
3) Mitosis
4) Amebae (cysts and trophozoites) can enter humans in
Life Cycle 1) Cysts ... Mitosis 4) Amebae (cysts ... pathophysiology #infectiousdiseases ... #cdc #parasite
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
reported in 100% of cases ... possible in HIV PARASITIC ... differential #diagnosis #infectiousdiseases
Amebiasis - Naegleria fowleri - Life Cycle
1) Cysts
2) Trophozoite
3) Flagellated Form
4) Promitosis
→ Water-related activities such as
Life Cycle 1) Cysts ... pathophysiology #infectiousdiseases ... #cdc #parasite
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
positive in 90% of IE cases ... Leukocytosis, anemia, and hematuria ... Diagnosis #cardiology #infectiousdiseases
Fever After International Travel

Infectious Disease:
• Endemic in either the destination or home region

Viral Syndromes:
Arboviral infections, a
Salmonella typhi Parasitic ... falciparum: Most cases ... Differential #Diagnosis #InfectiousDiseases