70 results
Marcus Gunn Pupil - Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect (RAPD)
Definition: Afferent loop of the pupillary light reflex
Relative Afferent Pupillary ... Afferent loop of the pupillary ... light reflex is ... Optic nerve* (main cause ... #Defect #RAPD #neurology
Pupillary Reflex on Ocular Ultrasound

Another cool thing about POCUS is being able to assess for afferent
Pupillary Reflex ... on Ocular Ultrasound ... needing to open eyelid ... #Light #Reflex ... Clinical #POCUS #Ocular
Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect

This maneuver of intermittent light stimulus is called the alternating light test or
Relative Afferent Pupillary ... reflex. ... very sensitive diagnostic ... regarding the cause ... #Defect #Neurology
Bell's palsy
There are many different causes of Facial Nerve Palsy. However, the commonest
cause of unilateral facial
many different causes ... the commonest cause ... Loss of Corneal Reflex ... #Bells #Palsy #Neurology ... Signs #Symptoms #Diagnosis
Priapism 

Secondary Causes:
Medications- intracavernosal injections, anticoagulants, PDE5 inhibitors, alpha blockers, methylphenidate, cocaine
Any hyperviscosity syndrome (SCD, leukemia,
Secondary Causes ... SCD, leukemia, myeloma ... or are zebras (…amyloid ... #Priapism #Diagnosis ... #Management #Urology
Consensual Pupillary Light Reflex on Ocular POCUS

Want to evaluate a pupil reactivity but the eye is
Consensual Pupillary ... Ocular POCUS ... unable to open eyelid ... ultrasound_vcu #Pupillary ... #Ocular #POCUS #
Etiologies of Peripheral Neuropathy
 • Metabolic / Nutritional: DiabetesB12 deficiency, Uremia/ESRD, Hypothyroidism
 • Medication-induced: ART, Antibiotics,
POEMS syndrome, myeloma ... , secondary amyloid ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #neurology
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2)
- Differential Diagnosis ... hydronephrosis on U/S) • Reflux ... ) • Multiple myeloma ... KidneyDisease #Nephrology ... #Algorithm #Causes
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis ... → Refer to Nephrology ... cystoscopy • Refer ... cause not identified ... uw_IMresidency #Hematuria #Diagnosis
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - ... Causes of Hyporeflexia ... Deep coma (any cause ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #neurology