34 results
VEXAS (Vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, Autoinflammatory, Somatic) Syndrome
Clinical Syndrome:
 • Common Clinical Features: alveolitis, ear and
alveolitis, ear and ... thromboembolic disease ... Abnormalities: macrocytic anemia ... cells NEJM Review ... Autoinflammatory #Somatic #rheumatology
Multiple Myeloma and Monoclonal Gammopathies
C - HyperCalcemia- calcium > 11 mg/dL / >1 mg/dL the ULN
R
Multiple Myeloma ... 40 ml/min A - Anemia ... plasmacytoma, POEMs syndrome ... MGUS #diagnosis #hematology ... #oncology
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
Myelodysplastic Syndrome ... Management Summary myelo ... cytopenias (usually anemia ... Management #treatment #hematology ... #oncology
Multiple Myeloma Diagnosis and Management Summary
Clinical Signs:
 • hyperCalcemia 28% (bone demineralization)
 • Renal disease 48%
Multiple Myeloma ... demineralization) • Renal disease ... hypercalcemia) • Anemia ... pathologic fx) ... Diagnosis #Management #oncology
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Formation • Multiple Myeloma ... Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... • Rule out B12 and ... • Liver Disease ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
→ Refer to hematology ... hemolysis, deficiency anemia ... Vasculitides, IBD, Celiac disease ... Kawasaki, Nephrotic syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hematology
Monoclonal Gammopathy of Clinical Significance (MGUS) - Differential Diagnosis

Neurologic-Centered:
 (+) Systemic Features: POEMS, AL amyloid, Cryoglobulinemia
capillary leak syndrome ... • Schnitzler syndrome ... Ig deposition disease ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology ... #oncology
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
Congenital Diseases ... deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... Inflammatory and ... Differential #Diagnosis #Hematology
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
- Hemolytic anemia ... Kasabach-Merritt syndrome ... Gardner-Diamond syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology ... #rheumatology #
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
) - HELLP syndrome ... Hemolytic uremic syndrome ... , Copper and lead ... differential #diagnosis #hematology ... #anemia