13 results
Autoimmune Myositis
Necrotizing myopathy is associated with higher CK levels, greater level of muscle weakness, less systemic
Autoimmune Myositis ... level of muscle weakness ... less systemic symptoms ... anti-synthetase syndrome ... have significant weakness
Hypothyroidism – symptoms and signs.

Symptoms: 
Tiredness/malaise, 
Weight gain,
Anorexia,
Cold intolerance, 
Poor memory,
Change in appearance, 
Depression, 
Poor libido,
Hypothyroidism – symptoms ... Symptoms: Tiredness ... Carpal timel syndrome ... hypertrophy, Proximal myopathy ... #Diagnosis #PhysicalExam
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
Lower Extremity Dermatomes ... • Cauda Equina Syndrome ... claudication and weakness ... Myotomes #diagnosis #neurology ... sensory #motor #leg #physicalexam
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
• Acute stroke syndromes ... Paraneoplastic syndrome ... Myopathy: ... • Autoimmune: ... Differential #Diagnosis #neurology
Myoedema in Hypothyroidism on Physical Exam

Hypothyroidism is a clinical syndrome resulting from the production, secretion or
is a clinical syndrome ... varied clinical symptoms ... characterized by muscle weakness ... Hypothyroidism #PhysicalExam ... clinical #video #neurology
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
result in permanent neurologic ... spinal cord - Autoimmune ... Lower motor neuron symptoms ... Upper motor neuron symptoms ... - Radiation myelopathy
Upper Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Motor Function
Shoulder:
 • Abduction - C5,C6 (axillary)
 • Adduction - C6, C7,
Upper Extremity Dermatomes ... Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ... anesthesia and deltoid weakness ... Myotomes #diagnosis #neurology ... sensory #motor #arm #physicalexam
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
findings: • Symptoms ... - Radiation myelopathy ... - Radiation myelopathy ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
spine L1-L5 Symptoms ... • HIV related myelopathy ... lower extremity weakness ... region (S2-S4 dermatomes ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated ... • Or brainstem syndromes ... Spasm, Cramping, Weakness ... objective evidence of neurologic ... vision, Diplopia, Weakness