31 results
Causes of Pleural Effusion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transudate - Hydrostatic
 • Congestive heart failure
 • Constrictive
enteropathy • Myxedema ... Malignancy • Pulmonary ... Gastrointestinal disease ... • Asbestos • Uremia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Hepatology
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
- Tamponade Pulmonary ... - Asthma - COPD ... Hepatopulmonary syndrome ... Transverse myelitis • Hematology ... : - Anemia
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology Atlas
 • Microcytic - Iron-deficiency anemia, Thalassemia, Sideroblastic anemia, Lead poisoning
, Liver diseases ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... PD deficiency, Pulmonary ... Hemolytic uremic syndrome ... #differential #hematology
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Agglutinin Syndrome ... of anemia include ... • hemolytic anemia ... #hemolytic #anemia ... #hematology #diagnosis
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia ... ) - HELLP syndrome ... Hemolytic uremic syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #hematology ... #anemia
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Treatment
Warm AIHA:
1) Steroids - 1-2 mg/kg prednisone daily
   • Until
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia ... (AIHA) Treatment ... esp if severe disease ... azathioprine Cold ... #management #hematology
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
→ Refer to hematology ... hemolysis, deficiency anemia ... Rebound effect from treatment ... Kawasaki, Nephrotic syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hematology
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Autoimmune: Warm AIHA, Cold ... Drug-associated, PCH, Evans Syndrome ... , Drugs, Liver Disease ... Defects: Sickle cell anemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology
Iron Deficiency Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Labs: Ferritin, iron, transferrin, TIBC, TSAT, sTfR

 • Blood loss:
Iron Deficiency Anemia ... athletic training, Pulmonary ... Gastrectomy, WHDA syndrome ... Structural: Celiac disease ... Algorithm #ferritin #hematology
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) - Summary
Overview: 
 • Most common leukemia in adults
 • Disorder of
of anemia or thrombocytopenia ... chemotherapy for low-risk disease ... Constitutional symptoms ... marrow failure with anemia ... Leukemia #oncology #hematology