15 results
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Chorioretinitis • Diagnosis ... toxo IgG • CNS PCR ... granulomatosis: • EBV-associated ... #differential #diagnosis ... causes #radiology #neurology
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN
 • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
(Dense deposit disease ... , C3GN, CFHR5 neph ... immune deposits on EM ... , negative IF ... #diagnosis #renal
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN) 
 - Loss of kidney function over a short period of tirne
of glomerular disease ... Basement Membrane (GBM ... immune deposits, negative ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Nephrology
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Differential Diagnosis ... polyangiitis) - ANCA-negative ... anti-ANCA ab, anti-GBM ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Tularemia - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Francisella tularensis - Aerobic fastidious gram-negative Coccobacillus - Zoonotic Infection
 •
fastidious gram-negative ... : Serology (preferred ... Culture & GS, PCR ... Treatment: • Severe Disease ... Streptomycin • Moderate Disease
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
- Differential Diagnosis ... Tubular Proteinuria (Negative ... Minimal change disease ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Donath-Landsteiner Antibodies[PCH ... Diagnosis: • hemolytic ... for anti-C3d and negative ... - Mycoplasma, EBV ... Hemoglobinuria (PCH
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
Blood Culture-Negative ... BCNIE Diagnostic ... factors: - Serology ... exists Infectious Diseases ... #Endocarditis #diagnosis
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
- Differential Diagnosis ... virus • CMV • EBV ... in 70%-85% • Negative ... Monocytogenes or gram negative ... #neurology #meningitis
Helicobacter Pylori (H. pylori) Infection - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook
Presentation: Dyspepsia / Peptic Ulcer
pylori) Infection - Diagnosis ... / Peptic Ulcer Disease ... microaerophilic, gram negative ... or oral-oral) Diagnosis ... flagyl 500mg TID if PCN-allergy