20 results
Patterns of Liver Injury
Transaminase Levels:
  > 50x normal - Ischemic Hepatitis
  > 20x normal
> 20x normal ... - Infection (EBV ... Thrombosis 5-10x normal ... muscle 2-5x normal ... transaminitis #differential
Causes of Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis
Hepatocellular - Liver Parenchyma
 • Infectious: Hepatitis C, A,
Liver Injury - Differential ... C, A, E, B, D, EBV ... Malignancy, 1° PBC ... , 1° PSC, Cystic ... Liver #Injury #Differential
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Liver Injury - Differential ... HBV, HCV, HEV, EBV ... - If both are normal ... Chronic viral hepatitis ... #differential #
Elevated Transaminases / Transaminitis - Differential Diagnosis

 • Infectious: HAV, HCV, HEV, EBV, HSV, CMV
 •
Transaminitis - Differential ... HAV, HCV, HEV, EBV ... Budd-chiari syndrome, Portal ... • Autoimmune hepatitis ... #Differential #
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Liver Enzymes - Differential ... disease US — Normal ... Bile Ducts • PSC ... • Alcoholic hepatitis ... #LiverEnzymes #Differential
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
) - Summary PBC ... • ALT & AST normal ... • Bilirubin - Normal ... bile ducts Differential ... Diagnosis: • Viral hepatitis
Adult-Onset Still's Disease
Clinical triad: Fever, Arthralgia/arthritis, Skin rash ± odynophagia
+ Biological inflammation: Increased neutrophils, Hyperferritinemia, decreased
fraction < 20% Differential ... Coxsackie, CMV, EBV ... • Muscular: normal ... CK, normal biopsy ... hepatomegaly, hepatitis
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Hemolysis - Differential ... Drug-associated, PCH ... Liver Disease, PNH ... Blood Smear ↑ abnormal ... #Hemolysis #Differential
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential ... Drug-induced AIHA - Abnormal ... Cold AIHA • PCH ... • PNH ... Extravascular #Differential
Elevated Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

LDH is a cytoplasmic enzyme present in tissues throughout
Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential ... upon damage • Normal ... hemolytic anemia, PNH ... • Ischemic hepatitis ... Dehydrogenase #Elevated #differential