21 results
Patterns of Liver Injury
Transaminase Levels:
  > 50x normal - Ischemic Hepatitis
  > 20x normal
Levels: > 50x normal ... > 20x normal ... 10-20x normal ... - Infection (EBV ... Liver #Injury #hepatology
Causes of Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis
Hepatocellular - Liver Parenchyma
 • Infectious: Hepatitis C, A,
• Infectious: Hepatitis ... C, A, E, B, D, EBV ... Malignancy, 1° PBC ... , 1° PSC, Cystic ... Acute #algorithm #hepatology
Elevated Transaminases / Transaminitis - Differential Diagnosis

 • Infectious: HAV, HCV, HEV, EBV, HSV, CMV
 •
HAV, HCV, HEV, EBV ... Budd-chiari syndrome, Portal ... • Autoimmune hepatitis ... Transaminases #hepatitis ... Diagnosis #causes #hepatology
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
HBV, HCV, HEV, EBV ... - If both are normal ... Chronic viral hepatitis ... liver #injury #hepatitis ... diagnosis #algorithm #hepatology
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
disease US — Normal ... Bile Ducts • PSC ... • Alcoholic hepatitis ... Others #LFTs #Hepatology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
) - Summary PBC ... • ALT & AST normal ... • Bilirubin - Normal ... Diagnosis: • Viral hepatitis ... diagnosis #workup #hepatology
Autoantibodies and their Disease Associations
ANA - Non-specific; common in SLE, autoimmune hepatitis
Anti-CCP, Rheumatoid factor - RA
Anti-dsDNA
SLE, autoimmune hepatitis ... ) - Autoimmune hepatitis ... biliary cirrhosis (PBC ... Celiac disease Anti-GBM ... diagnosis #table #rheumatology
Hepatitis B - Treatment Indications
Treatment not indicated:
 • Immune tolerant state - HBe-Ag detectable, high HBV
Hepatitis B - Treatment ... (>10^6 IU/mL), normal ... (<2000 IU/mL), normal ... liver failure #HepatitisB ... Indications #management #hepatology
Adult-Onset Still's Disease
Clinical triad: Fever, Arthralgia/arthritis, Skin rash ± odynophagia
+ Biological inflammation: Increased neutrophils, Hyperferritinemia, decreased
Coxsackie, CMV, EBV ... • Muscular: normal ... CK, normal biopsy ... hepatomegaly, hepatitis ... management #treatment #rheumatology
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Drug-associated, PCH ... Liver Disease, PNH ... Blood Smear ↑ abnormal ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology