12 results
Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome (HHS)
Absolute Insulin deficit:
 - Type I DM:
Pathophysiology of Diabetic ... Ketoacidosis (DKA ... → Glucosuria → Polyuria ... pathophysiology #comparison #endocrinology ... #diabetes #diabetic
Ketosis Disorders - Comparison Table
 • Starvation Ketosis
 • Alcoholic Ketoacidosis (AKA)
 • Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
) • Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... (DKA) • Euglycemic ... DKAHyperglycemic ... Disorders #ketones #differential ... diagnosis #management #endocrinology
Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)

DKA is a result of an absolute or relative insulin
Pathophysiology of Diabetic ... depletion and hyperglycemia ... hyponatremia, polyuria ... Pathophysiology #Diabetic ... #Diabetes #Endocrinology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Symptoms:
• Abdominal pain
• Nausea
• Polyuria
• Polydipsia
• Vomiting
• Weight loss
•
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... pain • Nausea • Polyuria ... > 18 mEq/L 2) pH ... #Diabetic #Ketoacidosis ... Diagnosis #Management #Endocrinology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Symptoms:
• Abdominal pain
• Nausea
• Polyuria
• Polydipsia
• Vomiting
• Weight loss
•
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... pain • Nausea • Polyuria ... > 18 mEq/L 2) pH ... #Diabetic #Ketoacidosis ... Diagnosis #Management #Endocrinology
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine Output > 3L /day
Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg)
 • Primary
Polyuria - Differential ... Polydipsia • Central Diabetes ... • Nephrogenic Diabetes ... 500 mOsm/kg) • Hyperglycemia ... Algorithm #causes #nephrology
Hyperglycemic Crisis - Algorithm for DKA/HHS

Diagnostic criteria for DKA:
 • pH < 7.3
 • Anion gap
Hyperglycemic Crisis ... : • pH < 7.3 ... #HHS #Hyperglycemic ... Algorithm #management #endocrinology ... #Diabetes #DM2
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria = >3L Urine output / 24 hours
Urine osmolality = 2 (Na
Polyuria - Differential ... Solute Diuresis: Hyperglycemia ... 100 mosm/kg • Diabetes ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min)
Osmotic
Osmolality • Hyperglycemia ... (Uncontrolled Diabetes ... • Central Diabetes ... • Nephrogenic Diabetes ... #Nephrology #Differential
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Excess Intake of Water:
 • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia")
 •
- Differential ... Poorly controlled diabetes ... Diabetes Insipidus ... volume): • UTI, BPH ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology