45 results
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
if renal function ... Hypomagnesemia #algorithm #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #magnesium ... #low
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Hypomagnesemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Renal ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #magnesium ... #low
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Malabsorption RENAL ... Hypomagnesemia #Magnesium ... #Low #Causes #Differential
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology ... #Causes
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Beer Potomania - Low ... • Renal Failure ... #causes #nephrology
Types of Renal Calculi

Calcium oxalate
 - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
apatite plaque, Low ... Struvite - Magnesium ... , High dietary magnesium ... #stones #differential ... #diagnosis #causes
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Causes
Secondary causes of Hypertension
 • Medications, Drugs, Chemo: NSAIDS, Steroids, CNI, Alcohol, Cocaine, OCP, Licorice, MAOI,
Drugs, Chemo: NSAIDS ... Pseudoephedrine • Primary Renal ... tumor • Other low ... #Hypertension #differential ... #diagnosis
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Primary polydipsia, Low ... solute intake, Renal ... #differential # ... algorithm #causes ... #nephrology