35 results
My Patient with Infective Endocarditis (IE) Has Negative Blood Cultures
 - Did they receive antibiotics prior
with Infective Endocarditis ... therapy - Number one cause ... Eg: C. burnetii ... #Infective #Endocarditis ... #Diagnosis #Management
Causes of blood culture negative infective endocarditis

Bartonella spp, Brucella spp, Coxiella burnetii, Chlamydia spp, Tropheryma whipplei,
culture negative ... infective endocarditis ... #culture #negative ... #Endocarditis # ... #CNIE #BCNIE #cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
• Coagulase-negative ... Septic Emboli Cause ... ↑ ESR, CRP • EKG ... #diagnosis #management ... #cardiology
Streptocccus Pneumoniae
Microbiology: Gram Positive, Alpha-hemolytic, Catalase Negative
Epidemiology - 10% adult carriers:
 • Most common cause of:
Alpha-hemolytic, Catalase Negative ... • Most common cause ... media • Important cause ... peritonitis, and endocarditis ... microbiology #diagnosis #management
Candidemia Workup and Management - IDSA Guidelines
1) Antibiotics
 • Empiric: Echinocandins (e.g. micafungin) for most patients
Candidemia Workup and Management ... Echinocandins (e.g ... Susceptibilities, Negative ... clinical concern for endocarditis ... IDSA #Guidelines #Management
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
Blood Culture-Negative ... Infective Endocarditis ... but important causes ... special stains (e.g ... #Infective #Endocarditis
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Causes include: ... • Normal or negative ... level <100 pg/ml EKG ... : • Negative for ... differential #diagnosis #cardiology
Bradycardia
1) First Steps: IV, O2, Monitors, ECG, Pads on patient, Crash Cart in room. Is patient
O2, Monitors, ECG ... Chest Pain • ECG ... Administer sedative ... #differential #management ... #cardiology
Cardiac Stress Testing
Exercise:
 • Everyone who can exercise should!
 • They must be able to raise
production to cause ... arrythmias Diagnostics: EKG ... Stress #Testing #cardiology ... #management #diagnosis
Hemorrhagic Pericardial Effusions (Hemopericardium)- Differential Diagnosis Framework

IATROGENIC DISEASE
Secondary to invasive cardiac procedures

NONIATROGENIC
• Malignancy (e.g., metastatic spread:
• Malignancy (e.g ... OTHER RARE CAUSES ... may have false negative ... Differential #Diagnosis #cardiology