10 results
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Pathophysiology - Warm vs Cold AIHA
Warm AIHA:
 - 70%; IgG mediated
 -
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... C3 positive or negative ... #Hemolytic #Anemia ... Pathophysiology #diagnosis ... #hematology
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) - Differential Diagnosis Table

Warm AIHA (48-70%)
Cold AHA (16-32%)
 • Donath-Landsteiner HA (paroxysmal
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Anemia (AIHA) - ... Differential Diagnosis ... AIHA (7-8%) DAT-negative ... #Table #hematology
Warm vs Cold Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia:
 • Mechanism: IgG and Complement-mediated
 • Etiology:
Hemolytic Anemia ... Hemolytic Anemia ... Hemolytic Anemia ... #hematology #diagnosis ... #comparison
CHA2DS2VASc vs HAS-BLED scores for stroke risk and bleed risk on anticoagulation

C	Congestive Heart Failure	1

H	Hypertension	1

A2	Age >75	2

D	Diabetes Mellitus	1

S2	Stroke,
dL) 1 Liver (cirrhosis ... Bleeding history/anemia ... CHADS2VASc #HASBLED #Comparison ... Anticoagulation #AFib #Diagnosis ... #Hematology
Causes of Anemia in Cirrhosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
LOW RETIC INDEX - ↓ PRODUCTION
 • Vitamin
in Cirrhosis - ... Differential Diagnosis ... , Autoimmune hemolytic ... #Cirrhosis #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Hepatology
Multiple Myeloma and Monoclonal Gammopathies
C - HyperCalcemia- calcium > 11 mg/dL / >1 mg/dL the ULN
R
40 ml/min A - Anemia ... Causes of false- negative ... macroglobulinemia, and autoimmune ... Gammopathies #MGUS #diagnosis ... #hematology #oncology
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Viral infection, autoimmune ... anemia • Cold ... for anti-C3d and negative ... CLL (older) • Autoimmune ... #hematology #diagnosis
Bandemia Overview

Normal: < 1%
Clinically significant: > 10%

Band neutrophils are slightly less mature than segmented neutrophils and
Differential Diagnosis ... Corticosteroid use • Autoimmune ... likelihood of negative ... #differential #diagnosis ... neutrophil #WBC #CBC #hematology
Dilated Abdominal Veins and Caput Medusae - Direction of Blood Flow

Vein Milking technique can be used
#Blood #Flow #physicalexam ... #diagnosis #hepatology ... #cirrhosis #obstruction ... #comparison #abdominal
Elevated Globulin - Protein Gap (Total Protein - Albumin > 4)

Work-up of an Elevated Globulin Gap:
•
Liver disease: Cirrhosis ... , ETOH, autoimmune ... gastric tumors • Hematology ... #differential #diagnosis ... #hematology