17 results
Microorganisms Responsible for Infective Endocarditis

Native valves:
 - Streptococcus viridans 
 - Enterococci 
 - Other streptococci
for Infective Endocarditis ... epidermidis - Gram-negative ... ) - Culture negative ... #Infective #Endocarditis ... #Differential #InfectiousDiseases
HACEK is the acronym commonly used to describe and help doctors to remember a group of
fastidious Gram-negative ... cause infective endocarditis ... less than 3% of endocarditis ... More commonly endocarditis ... #Diagnosis #InfectiousDiseases
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Pathophysiology - Warm vs Cold AIHA
Warm AIHA:
 - 70%; IgG mediated
 -
Anemia (AIHA) Pathophysiology ... C3 positive or negative ... mediated - DAT: IgG negative ... Hemolytic #Anemia #Pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #hematology
Causes of blood culture negative infective endocarditis

Bartonella spp, Brucella spp, Coxiella burnetii, Chlamydia spp, Tropheryma whipplei,
blood culture negative ... infective endocarditis ... causes #culture #negative ... #Endocarditis # ... InfectiousDiseases
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
three primary pathophysiologic ... Cryoglobulinemia, Endocarditis ... Pauci-immune mediated (Negative ... diagnosis #algorithm #rheumatology
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
from Infective Endocarditis ... serology: Serial negative ... Frequent false-negative ... cultures/serology: + (Negative ... #comparison #infective
Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome (HHS)
Absolute Insulin deficit:
 - Type I DM:
Pathophysiology ... insulin demand Relative ... #dka #hhs #pathophysiology ... #comparison #endocrinology
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
Blood Culture-Negative ... Infective Endocarditis ... cultures remain negative ... #Infective #Endocarditis ... differential #workup #infectiousdiseases
Capnocytophaga
Pathogen: Capnocytophaga
 • 9 species, C. canimorsus responsible for the majority of infections
 • Gram-negative rod,
infections • Gram-negative ... 13%), Pneumonia, Endocarditis ... fusiform gram-negative ... microbiology #zoonotic #infectiousdiseases
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
blood donor • Pathophysiology ... transfusion • Pathophysiology ... Transfusion #Reactions #hematology ... #diagnosis #comparison