15 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... and Diagnosis Algorithm ... → Refer to Nephrology ... for renal biopsy ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Kidney Injury - AKI Workup ... and Differential Diagnosis ... osmolarity If cause ... #Injury #AKI #Workup ... #nephrology #causes
The head impulse test (HIT) result is positive (abnormal) in nearly all patients with a peripheral
cause of AVS and ... negative (normal ... with a central cause ... #Diagnosis #PhysicalExam ... #Neurology #AVS
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Renal artery stenosis ... Differential #Algorithm #Diagnosis ... #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Causes of Non-Gap ... - Differential Diagnosis ... GI Tract Loss (Negative ... Diarrhea • Fistula Renal ... MetabolicAcidosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Hematuria, Hemoptysis, Peripheral ... Differential Diagnosis ... polyangiitis) - ANCA-negative ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup ... and Differential Diagnosis ... patients with a negative ... Neurologic disorders ... #Hypertension #Workup
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN
 • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts ... deposits on EM, negative ... Glomerulonephritis #MPGN #nephrology ... #diagnosis #renal
Characteristics of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
 • Onset: Sudden
 • Intensity: Severe initially, often decreasing
Characteristics of Peripheral ... with vascular causes ... Central #Vertigo #diagnosis ... signs #symptoms #comparison ... #neurology
TTP - Laboratory Evaluation for Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Activity of von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease activity - A
activity is the diagnostic ... the range of Peripheral ... antiglobulin tests - Negative ... the presence of renal ... #Workup #Hematology