15 results
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Algorithm and Differential ... Painless: suggests malignancy ... RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... Diagnosis #EM #IM ... #Algorithm #Ddxof
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
Differential Diagnosis ... symptoms (HA, nausea ... Diagnosis #EM #IM ... #Nephro #Hyponatremia ... #Algorithm #Ddxof
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #pathophysiology
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Serum Mg: GI losses, Renal losses, Alcoholism, Malnutrition, Drug-Induced
Hypocalcemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... chelates Ca2+) Emory IM ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... Helbert Rondon, MD @NephroMD ... hyponatremia #diagnosis #differential ... #algorithm #causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... High Aldosterone: Malignant ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium
Causes of Peripheral Weakness without Sensory Changes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
No Objective Weakness
 • Cardio-pulmonary disease
Causes of Peripheral ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Infection • Malignancy ... Disease Motor Neuron ... #Causes
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Common causes of ... Impaired forward flow ... enlargement (benign or malignant ... Abhilash Koratala @NephroP ... #AKI #causes
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Aldosterone • Malignant ... #Causes
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hyperaldosteronism: malignant ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #causes