12 results
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions 
 - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
Segments of the Nephron ... and their Functions ... organic acids and bases ... acid and most diuretics ... #Pathophysiology
Increased Urinary Frequency - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Non-increased urine volume (<2mL/min), Rule out polyuria
Extrinsic to Urinary Tract:
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... 2mL/min), Rule out ... Irritant drugs: Diuretics ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes
Hyperuricemia: Pathogenesis and Complications

 - Hypercalcemia (due to diseases like Sarcoidosis and Hyperparathyroidism) -> Accumulation of
arteriole in the nephron ... dose salicylates, diuretics ... Release of purine bases ... Hyperuricemia #Pathophysiology ... Complications #Gout
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Urinary Chloride ... loop or thiazide diuretics ... Vomiting/nasogastric suction ... #causes #urinary
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Vomiting, NGT suction ... Low Cl intake, Diuretics ... High Urine Cl-: Diuretics ... #Nephrology #Causes
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... RENAL LOSS: - Diuresis ... transport, renal function ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Pathophysiology
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Cyclosporine • Diuretics ... • Alcohol #gout ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... endocrinology #causes
Adrenal Insufficiency Diagnosis Algorithm - Evaluation of HPA Axis Response to ACTH

Early am cortisol < 3
Insufficiency Diagnosis Algorithm ... >17 rules this out ... unclear (often the case ... normal adrenal function ... Insufficiency #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary ... Chloride Algorithm ... loop or thiazide diuretics ... pressure: Active diuretic ... the indicated causes
Causes of Interstitial Lung Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonia
 • (UIP) Usual Interstitial Pneumonia
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... inflammation Primary ... Impaired cardiac function ... fluid leaking out ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm