10 results
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions 
 - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
Segments of the Nephron ... and their Functions ... acid and most diuretics ... #Segments #Function ... #Pathophysiology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... GI losses (NG suction ... • Discontinued diuretic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
NSAIDS and their effects on the Kidney - Pathophysiology

Arachidonic Acid metabolites into alternative pathways that modify
on the Kidney - Pathophysiology ... modify immune function ... distal component of Nephron ... absorption in distal nephron ... Idiosyncratic immune reaction
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Ileostomy - NGT suction ... RENAL LOSS: - Diuresis ... transport, renal function ... Gastrointestinal function ... #Pathophysiology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Vomiting • NG suction ... contracted • Loop diuretics ... syndrome • Thiazide diuretics ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Major Physiological Effects of Angiotensin II

Altered Peripheral Resistance
I. Direct vasoconstriction
II. Enhancement of peripheral noradrenergic
neurotransmission:
  A.
Altered Renal Function ... excretion in distal nephron ... AngiotensinII #Pathophysiology ... #Action
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
lost via osmotic diuresis ... To prevent hypokalemia ... has good renal function ... 3) Follow the anion ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology
Severe Heart Failure & Cardiogenic Shock - Management Checklist 
Evaluation 
 - EKG & echocardiography
Lactate, Liver function ... epinephrine is another option ... suggests total body hypovolemia ... - Diuresis if
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
hemodynamics and cardiac function ... excreted using diuretics ... patient causing hypovolemia ... #differential #algorithm
CPPD vs Gout

== CPPD == 

Think About CPPD When:
 • Self-limited synovitis after surgery/trauma (> 65
disease states Pathophysiology ... pain, loss of function ... A reaction to phagocytosed ... • Medications (diuretics