20 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
- Acute and chronic ... Glucocorticoid deficit - Hypokalemia ... Drugs - SIADH Renal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
GI losses - Chronic ... - Hypokalemia ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
oxoproline) • Renal ... failure (acute and chronic ... Renal acidosis ... Generalized distal nephron ... Chronic progressive
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
hypercalcemia ... - Chronic hypokalemia ... - Various renal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... oral intake Renal ... Nonreabsorbable anions • Renal ... #Causes #Classification
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2)
Causes of Chronic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hyperoxaluria • Hypercalcemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... : • Acute or chronic ... Hypervolemia, UNa ... #Causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Mineralocorticoid excess - Renal ... Low #Potassium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
Causes of Anemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Renal Disease, Liver ... #Anemia #MCV #Classification ... #Causes #Hematology
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
onset (acute vs. chronic ... symptoms (HA, nausea ... cardiac, liver, renal ... Diagnosis #EM #IM #Nephro ... #Differential #Algorithm