21 results
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
Differential Diagnosis ... cardiac, liver, renal ... Diagnosis #EM #IM #Nephro ... #Euvolemic #Hypervolemic ... #Algorithm #Ddxof
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... mOsm/kg - Implies renal ... , Ingestion Renal ... Hypernatremia #Differential
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Renal Failure ... - GI losses, renal ... • Hypervolemic
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm ... EABV) - Consider: Hypovolemia ... solute intake, Renal ... Helbert Rondon, MD @NephroMD ... hyponatremia #diagnosis #differential
Common ultrasound abnormalities seen on kidney and urinary bladder POCUS

- Dr. Abhilash Koratala MD - NephroPOCUS
urinary bladder POCUS ... - NephroPOCUS @NephroP ... kidney #bladder #differential ... #diagnosis #pocus ... #ultrasound #renal
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypovolemia, UNa ... wasting syndrome Hypovolemia ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Injury (AKI) - Differential ... Framework Pre-Renal ... : • Hypovolemia ... Kidney #Injury #Differential ... nephrology #causes #algorithm
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... oral intake Renal ... Hypothermia • Hypokalemic ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • G-CSF • Hypokalemic ... Medications Renal ... Losses Non-renal
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased Serum K, Urine pH < 5.5 - Proximal RTA
Decreased
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Urine pH > 6.0 - Hypokalemic ... Tubular #Acidosis #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm