16 results
Diuretics sites of action on the nephron
1) Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor)
2) Osmotic diuretics (e.g. mannitol)
3) Loop
action on the nephron ... Metolazone) 5) Potassium-sparing ... triamterene) #nephron ... #diuretics #pharmacology ... #nephrology #medications
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Increased Intake
 • Reduced Excretion (IV potassium with
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Excretion (IV potassium ... #Hyperkalemia #Nephrology ... #Differential #
Drug Induced Kidney Injury
 • Pre-Renal: NSAIDS, CNI, ACEI/ARB, IL-2 therapy, Diuretics CAR-T therapy
 • Osmotic
Drug Induced Kidney ... Disease: Drug induced ... #KidneyInjury #differential ... #diagnosis #algorithm ... #nephrology #Medications
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced ... #hyperkalemia #differential ... pathophysiology #pharmacology ... #potassium #medications
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Thyrotoxicosis Medications ... #nephrology #low ... #potassium
Drug-Induced Seizures - OTIS-CAMPBELL

O - Organophosphate, oral hypoglycemics, opioid
T - TCA, theophylline
I - Isoniazid, Insulin
S -
Drug-Induced Seizures ... anticholinergics, amantadine, antibiotics ... #Seizures #Medication ... #Causes #Differential ... #Pharmacology #
Etiologies of Peripheral Neuropathy
 • Metabolic / Nutritional: DiabetesB12 deficiency, Uremia/ESRD, Hypothyroidism
 • Medication-induced: ART, Antibiotics,
Hypothyroidism • Medication-induced ... : ART, Antibiotics ... Peripheral #Neuropathy #differential ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypomagnesemia-induced ... #causes #nephrology ... #potassium
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... • Recent IV potassium ... Beta blockers • Antibiotics ... Medications 2. ... #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... • Recent IV potassium ... Beta blockers • Antibiotics ... Medications 2. ... #high #nephrology