12 results
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
compression of nerve ... - Emergency Causes ... constipation Differential ... Equina #syndrome #differential ... #diagnosis #causes
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
Conditions: • Cauda ... Syndrome - Low back pain ... Commonly caused ... damage to peroneal nerve ... sensory #motor #leg #physicalexam
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
Leg Pain - Differential ... Causes of Leg Pain ... deficiency etc) • Spinal ... #differential # ... #msk #physicalexam
Causes of Hemiplegia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cerebral Hemisphere (Contralateral motor cortex)
 • Aphasia
 • Apraxia
 •
- Differential ... Consciousness • Cranial Nerve ... contralateral extremity ... findings Unilateral Spinal ... sensory loss to pain
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential ... Lower roots -> Cauda ... Cord Causes: 1 ... Symptoms: • Upper ... #algorithm
Stool Incontinence - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Affected Pelvic Floor 
 - Trauma/Surgery
   • Surgery: Anorectal,
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Malformation - Nerve ... Brain, Spinal Cord ... , Cauda Equina) ... #Causes
Ear Pain (Otalgia) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Primary Otalgia 
 - Pain that originates from the ear
) - Differential ... roots—cervical spine ... adenopathy • Cervical spine ... Loss of vision or black ... nasal, cervical spine
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
Causes of spinal ... • Extrinsic Causes ... the lesion - Upper ... involvement Cauda ... syndromes #lesions #differential
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Epidemiology: • 1-2 cases ... paralysis of all extremity ... Hands or feet • Pain ... of intrathecal spinal ... cauda equina
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
body segment: Upper ... extremity, lower ... extremity and/or ... conditions listed in differential ... activity between nerve