12 results
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status
 - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
Gestational DI, Nephrogenic ... - Osmotic diuretic ... , Loop diuretics ... Diagnosis #Comparison #Table ... #Nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... insipidus • Nephrogenic ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine Output > 3L /day
Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg)
 • Primary
Polyuria - Differential ... Insipidus • Nephrogenic ... solute load #Polyuria ... #Differential # ... Algorithm #causes #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... • Hypovolemic: Diuretics ... osmotic (solute) diuresis ... #Differential # ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Excess Intake of Water:
 • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia")
 •
- Differential ... a.k.a. osmotic diuresis ... : Conventional diuretics ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... administration • Osmotic diuresis ... (see Polyuria scheme ... #Nephrology #Differential
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min)
Osmotic
Causes of Polyuria ... - Differential ... /min) Osmotic Diuresis ... Kidney • Nephrogenic ... #Nephrology #Differential
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Differential Diagnosis ... , Dehydration: neurologic ... unavailable 2) Osmotic Diuresis ... Diabetes Insipidus: neurogenic ... Treatment #management #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
nephrotic syndrome • Hyponatremia ... Lithium-induced nephrogenic ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Table
Urine chemistry tests for the diagnostic evaluation of a patient with polyuria
UOsm <100 mOsm/Kg (H2O diuresis)
a patient with polyuria ... insipidus (central or nephrogenic ... - Mannitol #polyuria ... #differential # ... diagnosis #nephrology