11 results
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status
 - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
Gestational DI, Nephrogenic ... - Osmotic diuretic ... , Loop diuretics ... Diagnosis #Comparison #Table ... #Nephrology
BEHIND - Stroke Mimics Mnemonic
Brain: Mass, Hemorrhage, Contusion
Epilepsy: Post Ictal State, 
Hyponatremia, Hypogycemia
Intoxication, Infection
Neuro: Migraine, Multiple
BEHIND - Stroke ... Mimics Mnemonic ... Ictal State, Hyponatremia ... Mnemonic #CVA #Neurology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... insipidus • Nephrogenic ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... • Hypovolemic: Diuretics ... osmotic (solute) diuresis ... #Differential # ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology
Generalized Seizures and Pseudoseizures
Generalized seizures "are conceptualized as originating as some point within, and rapidly engaging,
They may begin with ... begin after age ... hyperglycemia, hyponatremia ... Pseudoseizures (May mimic ... Classification #Diagnosis #Neurology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Differential Diagnosis ... The differential ... , Dehydration: neurologic ... unavailable 2) Osmotic Diuresis ... Diabetes Insipidus: neurogenic
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Excess Intake of Water:
 • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia")
 •
of Polyuria - Differential ... a.k.a. osmotic diuresis ... : Conventional diuretics ... injury, Tumor • Nephrogenic ... Hypercalcemia Polyuria Mimics
Differential Diagnosis: New-Onset Seizure in the Elderly

STRUCTURAL:
 • Stroke/TIA, Subdural hematoma, mass
 • Traumatic Brain Injury
Differential Diagnosis ... Imbalances: • Hyponatremia ... Hypoglycemia • Hyponatremia ... Seizure Mimics: ... #Neurology #Geriatrics
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
nephrotic syndrome • Hyponatremia ... Lithium-induced nephrogenic ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Table
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia ... case of hypotonic hyponatremia ... #differential # ... diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology