26 results
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes ... history Step #2 ... Uglucose Step #3 ... #Sodium #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... insipidus • Nephrogenic ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology ... #sodium #high
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... renal mechanism 2) ... • Euvolemic: Diabetes ... #Differential # ... #sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
water unavailable 2) ... post-obstructive 3) ... Diabetes Insipidus ... : neurogenic, nephrogenic ... #nephrology #sodium
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Etiologies of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... Insensible losses Sodium ... Water Central Diabetes ... Diagnosis #Table
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Serum Osmolarity 2) ... Urine Osmolarity 3) ... Urine Sodium 4) ... #Differential #
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
cell epithelial sodium ... of epithelial sodium ... diabetes insipidus ... #Diagnosis #Differential ... #Table
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Central or neurogenic ... mutations in AQP-2 ... Classification #Types ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis ... #Differential
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
approach to the differential ... 2) Is ADH elevated ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Shock and Vasoactive Drugs 
1) Determine type and etiology of shock
 • Distributive: Sepsis, Anaphylaxis, Neurogenic
1) Determine type ... , Anaphylaxis, Neurogenic ... Pulmonary embolism 2) ... Nitroprusside, Nesiritide 3) ... #comparison #table