32 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Algorithm #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Differential Diagnosis ... Diagnosis is primarily ... Diabetes Insipidus: neurogenic ... #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Inherited Defects in Kidney ... cell epithelial sodium ... of epithelial sodium ... Inherited #Defects #Kidney ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Acute Kidney Injury ... - Differential Diagnosis ... , Distributive Shock ... Abdominal Compartment Syndrome ... Nephrolithiasis) • Neurogenic
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Etiologies of Hypernatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Insensible losses Sodium ... sensitivity in kidneys ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Diagnosis of ... irrigation • Management ... • Hyponatremia ... • Hypovolemic shock ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment
Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (STSS)
Complication of invasive GAS disease characterized by shock & MOF → occurs
Syndrome (STSS) ... involvement (2+): kidneys ... #Syndrome #STSS ... #treatment #management ... #diagnosis
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... demyelination syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Shock - Diagnosis and Management Summary
 • Hypotension: SBP<90, SBP drop >40, MAP<65 (Normotension, HTN possible
Shock - Diagnosis ... and Management ... Epinephrine - Neurogenic ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #criticalcare #treatment
Approach to Undifferentiated Shock - OnePager Summary
Shock occurs when there is inadequate blood flow (CO) &
essential to determine treatment ... CCB, BB, BRASH syndrome ... cytokine release syndrome ... ), Neurogenic (SCI ... #diagnosis #differential