172 results
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
Blood pressure - Normal ... venous pressure - Normal ... /low Proteinuria ... Serum albumin - Low ... #Nephritic #Comparison
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Extra-renal Losses: • Normal ... Acid-Base: Low ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... #nephrology
Hyperaldosteronism - Etiologies of Mineralocorticoid Excess

Primary Hyperaldosteronism (Normal or Low Renin, High Aldosterone) 
 - Aldosterone-secreting
or Low Renin, High ... or Low Renin, Normal ... - Cushing’s syndrome ... Hyperaldosteronism #Differential ... #Aldosterone #Comparison
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Hyperplasia • Normal ... Al, Normal R - ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Hypercalcemia - Differential ... Algorithm High or Normal ... Hypercalcemia Low ... Malignancy • Normal ... PTHrP: - Low
Patterns of pulmonary dysfunction revealed by flow-volume loops. For comparison, a normal loop is shown with
Patterns of pulmonary ... dysfunction revealed by flow-volume ... For comparison, ... a normal loop is ... #Normal #pulmonary
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes and Mimics - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
90%:
 -
Pulmonary Renal ... - Differential ... anti-GBM) 10%: - Low ... Vasculitis - Normal ... #Mimics #Differential
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Low and High Phosphate
LOW PHOSPHATE
 - Low/NormaI PTH
Hypocalcemia - Differential ... /NormaI PTH ... Phenytoin, Nephrotic Syndrome ... /NormaI PTH ... #Hypocalcemia #Differential
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Hypophosphatemia - Differential ... or Low PTH: ... or Low FGF-23: ... Hypophosphatemia #Differential ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
Hypoxia and Hypoxemia - Overview
Hypoxia - insufficient oxygen delivered to tissues to meet demands
Hypoxemia - low
demands Hypoxemia - low ... blood loss) or abnormal ... Hypoxemia #summary #pulmonary ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes #pathophysiology