19 results
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
Blood pressure - Normal ... venous pressure - Normal ... Red blood cell casts ... Red blood cell casts ... Nephritic #Comparison #Table
Primary and Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary (Essential) (95%) - Onset between age
Causes of Hypertension ... Mislabelled - Repeatedly normal ... Causes (5%) - Onset ... excess (Cushing syndrome ... #HTN #Cardiology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
High Al, High R - Secondary ... Hyperplasia • Normal ... Al, Normal R - ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
reexposed to light; • Normal ... Holmes-Adie Syndrome ... dissociation • Other causes ... #PhysicalExam #neurology ... #ophthalmology
Deep T Wave Inversions - Differential
Normal variants 
  A. Juvenile T wave pattern
Differential Normal ... wave inversion syndrome ... Secondary T wave ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Cardiology #ECG
Isocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative Afferent Pupil Defect
 • Optic Neuritis
 • Ischemic
Opioids, Alcohol) Dorsal ... Midbrain (Parinaud's Syndrome ... • Botulism Pharmacologic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Ophthalmology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Causes of Secondary ... Oral sodium loading ... • Cushing’s syndrome ... Acromegaly #Secondary ... Screening #Workup #table
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Causes of Secondary ... with previously stable ... heart failure, neurologic ... Neurologic disorders ... Jcortesizaguirr #Secondary
Orbital Apex Syndrome secondary to Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus (HZO)

This 81 yo male was referred to our
secondary to Herpes ... other potential causes ... secondary to Herpes ... clinical #video #ophthalmology ... #physicalexam #neurology
Cardiorenal Syndrome (CRS) Types
 • Type 1 - Acute CRS: Alteration of renal perfusion is the
Cardiorenal Syndrome ... shifts may be in cause ... • Type 5 - Secondary ... #CRS #Types #cardiology ... #nephrology