14 results
Etiologies of Peripheral Neuropathy
 • Metabolic / Nutritional: DiabetesB12 deficiency, Uremia/ESRD, Hypothyroidism
 • Medication-induced: ART, Antibiotics,
Nutritional: DiabetesB12 deficiency ... Syphilis, Lyme disease ... , Leprosy • Inflammatory ... , Sarcoidosis, Amyloidosis ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
Causes of Iron Deficiency
 • Inadequate Intake: Vegetarian/vegan diet, Malnutrition
 • Increased Body Needs: Infants/preschoolers, Pregnancy,
Causes of Iron Deficiency ... Pregnancy, EPO treatment ... Elite athletes • Chronic ... • Inflammatory ... ) #Iron #Deficiency
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Spurious:
 • Artifact (redo CBC)
Autonomous:
 • Essential thrombocytosis
 • Polycythemia
: • Acute or Chronic ... Inflammatory: ... disorders • Celiac disease ... effect following treatment ... malignancy • Iron deficiency
Korsakoff Syndrome
Clinical Findings:
 • Confabulation: Usually initial phase of the disease
 • Anterograde amnesia: Memory impairment
initial phase of the disease ... Chronic presentation ... of Thiamine deficiency ... Encephalopathy Treatment ... Korsakoff #Syndrome #neurology
Risk Factors and Signs of Copper Deficiency
Risk Factors:
 • Gastrointestinal: Previous upper bowel resection/bariatric surgery, Inflammatory
Signs of Copper Deficiency ... bariatric surgery, Inflammatory ... Chronic diarrhoea ... dental fixatives, Treatment ... drkeithsiau #Copper #Deficiency
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• Recent IV potassium ... trauma - Ischemic colonic ... • Addison’s disease ... Mineralocorticoid deficiency ... #high #nephrology
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
Acute hemolysis, deficiency ... Rebound effect from treatment ... myelosuppressive agents • Inflammatory ... Vasculitides, IBD, Celiac disease ... • Infections: Chronic
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• Recent IV potassium ... trauma - Ischemic colonic ... • Addison’s disease ... Mineralocorticoid deficiency ... #high #nephrology
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory ... Chronic kidney disease ... Chronic kidney disease ... aldosterone synthase deficiency ... Diagnosis #High #Potassium
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
failure (acute and chronic ... Chronic progressive ... kidney disease ... Potassium-sparing ... Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory