10 results
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... , Pyroglutamic acid ... failure (acute ... Chronic progressive kidney ... #differential #diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... and Differential Diagnosis ... electrolytes, urea, uric acid ... syndrome: troponin ... #Kidney #Injury
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Diagnosis of ... Loop Diuretics; High-Ceiling ... Bumetanide, Ethacrynic acid ... Torsemide) • Acute ... pulmonary edema
Elevated Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

LDH is a cytoplasmic enzyme present in tissues throughout
• Present in high ... muscle, liver, and kidney ... anemia, folic acid ... Legionnaires disease • Pulmonary ... Demand ischemia • Trauma
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Acute or chronic ... Compensation, Acute ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... Classically” noted with pulmonary
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
E-aminocaproic acid ... Succinylcholine; thermal trauma ... Acute oliguric kidney ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #High #Potassium
Causes of Myoclonus - Differential Diagnosis
LOCALIZATION:
 • Cortical: Focal/multifocal: Distal UL+ Face, Action/sensitive induced
 • Sub-Cortical:
, post stroke, trauma ... : OMS, Neoplasia ... hepatic, septic, pulmonary ... ), acid-base, opioids ... #Causes #neurology
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
complements and a high ... Classification: • Acute ... Differential Diagnosis ... rheumatoid arthritis, adult-onset ... APLA/LAC: • Renal
Differential Diagnosis of Respiratory Acid-Base Disorders
Alkalosis
A. Central nervous system stimulation: Pain, Anxiety, psychosis, Fever, Cerebrovascular accident,
of Respiratory Acid-Base ... encephalitis, Tumor, Trauma ... tissue hypoxia: High ... Pneumoconiosis, Bronchitis, Adult ... respiratory distress syndrome
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Hepatorenal Syndrome ... hepatitis, or acute ... Prognosis: • High ... #Hepatorenal #Syndrome ... #Hepatology #Nephrology