11 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... disease - Alport syndrome ... pain hematuria syndrome ... - RBC casts → Diagnostic ... • Malignant HTN
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
and Differential Diagnosis ... microscopy / urinary ... investigations depending on clinical ... • Cardio-renal syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... tubular necrosis (ATN ... suggestive of nephrotic sydnrome ... #Microscopy #nephrology ... interpretation #diagnosis
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Fanconi's syndrome ... polyangiitis (GPA) / microscopic ... nephropathy • HTN ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
association • M > F Clinical ... ulceration • Ocular ... skin injury) • Neurologic ... (Clinical Dx). ... ) Differential Diagnosis
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Differential Diagnosis ... Dermatomyositis Clinical ... Weakness - Dark urine ... hour with goal urine ... hyperkalemia or ATN
Myasthenia Gravis Overview

Myasthenia Gravis is an autoimmune disorder of the postsynaptic neuromuscular junction.  Ab to
Myasthenia Gravis is an ... Ocular- 50%: Ptosis ... myasthenia Diagnosis ... Myasthenia #Gravis #diagnosis ... #management #neurology
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Hepatorenal Syndrome ... Diagnosis (Clinical ... ATN, volume depletion ... #Hepatorenal #Syndrome ... #Hepatology #Nephrology
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
- Differential Diagnosis ... affects the skin, neurologic ... Abdominal pain • HTN ... cognitive impairment, neurologic ... (PR3-ANCA)): Microscopic
Rheumatology Workup - Laboratories Studies in Rheumatic Diseases

• Septic arthritis - Gram stain and culture of
polarized light microscopy ... (to support a diagnosis ... • Serum and urine ... ANA and RF (if clinical ... laboratory #workup #diagnosis