25 results
Metabolic and Respiratory Acidosis and Alkalosis - Diagnostic Algorithm

Anion gap - MUDPILES: 
 - Methanol (formic
and Respiratory Acidosis ... - Uremia - Diabetic ... Addison disease - Renal ... tubular acidosis ... Recommended Text: Nephrology
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
Gap Metabolic Acidosis ... ketoacidosis Renal ... acids in advanced renal ... Ketoacidosis - diabetic ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
UNa > 20: • Renal ... Bicarbonaturia with renal ... tubal acidosis ... or chronic renal ... Algorithm #Causes #nephrology
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
algorithm Decreased renal ... renal failure ... • Chronic renal ... high: • Post-renal ... Diagnosis #algorithm #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
oxoproline) • Renal ... failure (acute ... Renal acidosis ... hyperkalemia (with renal ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
salicylates) R Renal ... Ketoacidosis (starvation, diabetic ... - Diarrhea - Renal ... /Chronic renal failure ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
gastrointestinal K loss • Renal ... hypokalemia • Renal ... tubular acidosis ... Ureterosigmoidostomy, Diabetic ... algorithm #causes #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Decreased intake/absorption: Starvation, Alcoholism, Malabsorption, Phosphate binder use
 • Redistribution/
into cells - Acute ... Catecholamines - Acute ... bone syndrome • Renal ... Post transplant, Diabetes ... Algorithm #causes #nephrology
Workup for Hyperphosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hyperphosphatemia: paraproteinemia, hyperlipidemia, hemolysis, hyperbilirubinemia, liposomal amphotericin
t-PA, heparin Acute ... Shift: • Lactic acidosis ... CKD Increased Renal ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2)
3 months Pre-Renal ... Atheroemboli • Renal ... hypoperfusion Post-Renal ... Family history, ultrasound ... KidneyDisease #Nephrology