24 results
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... UNa > 20: • Renal ... Bicarbonaturia with renal ... tubal acidosis and metabolic ... Acute or chronic renal
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses ... Low intake • Metabolic ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... GI losses • Renal
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... GI losses • Renal
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis ... EABV) - Consider: Hypovolemia ... solute intake, Renal ... #diagnosis #differential ... algorithm #causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Renal artery stenosis ... Differential #Algorithm #Diagnosis ... Causes #Workup #Nephrology
Oncologic Emergencies - Differential Diagnosis Framework

HEMATOLOGIC ONCOLOGIC EMERGENCIES:
Hyperviscosity Syndrome:
 • Spontaneous bleeding
 • Shortness of breath
- Differential Diagnosis ... of breath • Neurologic ... venous pressure) METABOLIC ... Hyperuricemia • Acute renal ... coma SIADH: • Hyponatremia
Causes of Altered Level of Consciousness GCS < 7 - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Brain Involvement - Hemispheric
- Differential Diagnosis ... Excesses • Liver/Renal ... Dioxide Narcosis • Metabolic ... • Hypocalcemia ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... oxoproline) • Renal ... Renal acidosis ... (with renal insufficiency ... #differential #diagnosis
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
≥100): SIADH, Renal ... Present (Uosm <100): Renal ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia ... Hypervolemia with poor renal ... #differential #diagnosis