101 results
Causes of Generalized Edema - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Overfill (Increased renal sodium retention, Urine Na > 40meq/L)
Causes of Generalized ... sodium retention, Urine ... Increased Interstitial Oncotic ... Decreased Capillary Oncotic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... 145 mmol/L High Urine ... administration • Osmotic ... glucosuria Low Urine ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min)
Osmotic
Causes of Polyuria ... Volume (>2ml/min) Osmotic ... Diuresis Urine ... #Polyuria #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... Diuretics • Osmotic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology #sodium
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Excess Intake of Water:
 • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia")
 •
Causes of Polyuria ... Solute (a.k.a. osmotic ... Polyuria Mimics (↑ urine ... frequency without ↑ urine ... #nephrology
Mechanisms of Lower Extremity Edema: #Diagnosis #Pathophys #EM #IM #Edema #Lower #LowerExtremity #Causes #Starling #Oncotic #Hydrostatic
LowerExtremity #Causes ... #Starling #Oncotic
Diarrhea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Inflammatory
    - Invasive Infections
    - Non-Infections
Watery
Non-Infections Watery - Osmotic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Nephron Pathophysiology - Diuretic Sites of Action
Diuretics
1) Acetazolamide/canagliflozin
2) Osmotic agents (mannitol, urearetics)
3) Loop agents (eg, furosemide)
4)
canagliflozin 2) Osmotic ... Sites #Action #nephrology
Pitting vs Non-Pitting Edema: Differential Diagnosis
For pitting edema: there's generally an issue with :
  ↑
pressure ↓ Plasma oncotic ... edema is usually caused ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes
Diarrhea Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Inflammatory
 - Infectious
   - Noninvasive
     - Viral
Noninfectious Osmotic ... Noninfectious #Causes