19 results
Fracture Healing (and disruptors of this process)
Inflammatory Stage (0-7d)
 • Fracture disrupts local blood vessels ->
Fracture Healing (and disruptors ... ) • Fracture disrupts ... cartilaginous matrix by osteoblasts ... mos - yrs) • Osteoclast-osteoblast ... pathophysiology #diagnosis #disruptors
Bone resorption and the relationship between osteoblasts and osteoclasts.  
RANK is expressed on the osteoclasts,
relationship between osteoblasts ... and osteoclasts ... expressed on the osteoclasts ... RANK stimulates osteoclast ... #Osteoclasts #Bone
Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Negative feedback on hypothalamus/pituitary, Decreasing ACTH -> Decr Sex
production of osteoblasts ... and GF's -> Osteoblasts ... expression of osteoclasts ... -> Incr Osteoclasts
Malignant Bone Tumors: Pathogenesis of X-ray appearance

 • Metastatic bone tumors (aka. cancerous cells from systemic
cells activate osteoblasts ... more than osteoclasts ... activate largely osteoclasts
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
IGFIR activates osteoblasts
Bisphosphonates for Osteoporosis Treatment or Prevention 

Bisphosphonates are common medications used in the treatment and prevention
Bisphosophonates inhibit osteoclasts
Causes of Petechial Rash - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Pinpoint areas (less than 2 mm) of hemorrhage, which
factor function • Disruptions
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
occlusion • Disruptions
SIESTA - Sleep for Inpatients Mnemonic
S - Screening for sleep disorders 
I - Instruct patients on
unnecessary sleep disruptions
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
macrophages that disrupts