26 results
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Differential Diagnosis ... inversely related to glomerular ... rate by tubulo-glomerular ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
the patient have glomerular ... hematuria (RBC casts ... Nephrotic #Syndrome #Comparison ... #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Effects of Strokes by Location - Anterior vs Posterior Localization

Anterior Circulation 
 - MCA 
 -
- MCA - ACA ... - AICA - PCA ... Localization #Effects #Neurology ... #Diagnosis #Table ... Review in Clinical Neurology
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions 
 - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
Functions - Glomerulus ... filtered Na+/K+/Cl ... filtered Na+ and Cl ... Pathophysiology #Tubules #Table ... #Pharmacology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis ... Normotensive: • UCl ... Post-hypercapnia • UCl ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
syndrome - Na-K-2Cl ... barrtin (recruits Cl ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential ... #Table
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
Red blood cell casts ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Syndrome #Nephritic #Comparison ... #Table #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl ... NGT suction, Low Cl ... • High Urine Cl ... #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
evaluated for glomerular ... Spot PC (protein ... infections are common causes ... testing #workup #diagnosis ... nephrotic #nephritic #nephrology
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
- Urine Na/K/Cl ... rhabdo/TLS) Causes ... AcuteKidneyInjury #AKI #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Differential