36 results
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
• Symptoms of anemia ... anemiaCold ... Test: Donath-Landsteiner ... test #cold # ... #hematology #diagnosis
Hemolysis - Diagnostic Algorithm and Causes

Increased red cell production: 
 • Increased Reticulocytosis/polychromasia 
 • Erythroid
Hemolysis - Diagnostic ... Hemolysis #Hemolytic #Anemia ... Differential #Causes #Workup ... #Hematology #Diagnosis ... GrepMed Recommended Text
Cold Urticaria
Prevalence - 0.05% in the population
Disease onset - Mostly 2nd to 4th decades of life
Causes
Disorientation, vertigo Diagnostic ... tests - Ice cube ... test, TempTest ... #diagnosis #rheumatology ... #comparison #table
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Iron deficiency anemia ... : Cold autoimmune ... , Paroxysmal cold ... #differential #diagnosis ... #hematology #microscopy
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Autoimmune: Warm AIHA, Cold ... Drug-associated, PCH ... anemia, Thalassemias ... Laboratory Tests ... #hematology
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary

Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm
 • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
Physical Exam/Signs ... cells can indicate disease ... • Neutropenia, anemia ... #workup #oncology ... #hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Diagnostic Framework ... ) (e.g. lupus, CLL ... Autoimmune (AIHA)"Cold ... (e.g. primary cold ... #hematology #anemia
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... Consider sickle cell ... Agglutination - Cold ... #Algorithm #workup ... #hematology #testing
Causes of Thrombocytopenia and Platelet Disorders - Differential Diagnosis and Workup
History:
 - Prior platelet count, family
- Differential Diagnosis ... and Workup History ... practices that could ... changes), high MCV anemia ... #hematology
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Sickle cell ... AIHA • PCH ... immune-complex hemolytic anemia ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology