14 results
Connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung diseases

LIP: lymphoid interstitial pneumonia. NSIP: nonspecific interstitial pneumonia. OP: organizing pneumonia.
PSS: Sjogren syndrome ... SLE : systemic lupus ... CTILD #Diagnosis #Differential ... #Comparison #Table ... #Pulmonary #Rheumatology
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
CNS Manifestations ... Demyelinating Syndrome ... autoantibodies that will cause ... #neurology #rheumatology ... cerebritis #diagnosis #management
Hydroxychloroquine Serum Measurement in SLE
 • Terminal elimination half-life = 40 days ([HCQI reflects long-term intake)
200ng/mL Best indications ... • Special cases ... Measurement #SLE #rheumatology ... #pharmacology # ... levels #lupus #management
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
permanent alopecia Differential ... lower extremity edema ... proteinuria, dependent edema ... • May involve PNS ... activation and/or medications
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Extravascular Causes ... hemoglobinuria (PNH ... usually IgG) (e.g. lupus ... #differential # ... diagnosis #hematology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome ... irrigation • Management ... Kidney stones caused ... Diuresis #Nephrology #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Table
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup and Differential ... with previously stable ... apnea: CPAP, most pts ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #indications
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Reversible course Differential ... Electrolyte abnormality, Medication ... the underlying cause ... with AEDs until cause ... #diagnosis #management
Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS)
Definition: 
 • Severe adverse drug reaction, characterized by
• Facial Edema ... in 70% of cases ... Resolution > 15 days Differentials ... SinaiBmoreIMRes #DRESS #Syndrome ... #management
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Etiology: • Medications ... only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table ... STOP offending medications ... caution in HTN & edema