11 results
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Extravascular Causes ... hemoglobinuria (PNH ... idiopathic) - Autoimmune ... Extravascular #Causes ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
Warm Antibody Autoimmune ... 2) LOOK FOR a cause ... Warm #Antibody #Autoimmune ... #diagnosis #management ... #treatment #rheumatology
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Causes of Extravascular ... Cold AIHA • Alloimmune ... • PCH • PNH ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Hematology
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... platelet decrease - PNH ... elliptocytosis, autoimmune ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #workup ... #hematology #testing
Drug Induced Lupus vs SLE
Drug Induced Lupus (DIL):
 • Epidemiology: -10% of all lupus cases, drug-dependent,
• Immunologic Workup ... Discontinuation of causal ... • Immunologic Workup ... sle #comparison #table ... #rheumatology #
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
injury, ischemia, hemolysis ... reabsorption) Workup ... only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table ... caution in HTN & edema
Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)

What?
CVID: Immunodeficiency disorder with hypogammaglobulinemia -> increased infection risk secondary to impaired B-cell
: Pneumonia • Autoimmune ... hemolytic anemia ... DDX - Other causes ... hypogammaglobulinemia #immunology #hematology ... #diagnosis #management
Sjogren's Syndrome Overview

Epidemiology:
• F > M: 9:1
• 5-6th Decades (can be any age)

Autoimmune exocrinopathy multisystemic disease
be any age) Autoimmune ... Hypocomplementemia • Can cause ... Nephrogenic DI Hematologic ... Sjogrens #Syndrome #Rheumatology ... #Diagnosis #Management
Hodgkin's Lymphoma Overview

Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is an uncommon hematological malignancy arising from mature B cells. It
Immunosuppression • Autoimmune ... nodosum • Immune hemolytic ... Hodgkin Lymphoma Workup ... classification #hematology ... #oncology #management
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Treatment
Primary HLH:
 - HLH-94 Protocol
    • Dexamethasone
(depending on CNS ... with infection or autoimmune ... Options for severe cases ... HLH #Treatment #management ... #hematology