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differential management radiology clinical neurology treatment arterial arthritis autoimmune cerebritis coagulation crypto cryptococcal dic disseminated embolism emergencies erythematosus fungal gout
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions: • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100) • Other
CNS Ring-Enhancing ... Compatible syndrome + MRI ... + toxo IgG • CNS ... 30% present w/ CNS ... #causes #radiology
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
CNS Manifestations ... autoantibodies that will cause ... thrombosis and/or blood-brain ... Erythematosus #SLE #CNS ... #neurology #rheumatology
Venous Thrombosis vs Arterial Thrombosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework VENOUS THROMBOSIS • Acquired Risk Factors: - >48 hours
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Acquired Risk ... - Disseminated intravascular ... coagulation and other causes ... pathophysiology #hematology
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Overview Increased Clotting and Consumption of Clotting Factors Findings: • Bleeding • Recent history
Disseminated Intravascular ... Thromboembolism (7%) • CNS ... #Coagulation #diagnosis ... #causes #treatment ... #management #hematology
Gout (Gouty Arthritis) - MSK Radiology Imaging Findings: • Eccentric soft-tissue densities surrounding the third proximal interphalangeal
Arthritis) - MSK Radiology ... Case description ... • This case should ... • PVNS/Giant Cell ... #rheumatology
Summary of Oncologic Emergencies Neutropenic fever: - Fever + ANC < 500 → start cefepime ± vancomycin (if
syndrome): - Hematologic ... mg/dL or > 25 % rise ... Treat underlying cause ... ) - Symptoms: CNS ... ) - Symptoms: CNS
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
involvement • 30%: CNS ... -> AML: Blast crises ... leukostasis syndrome: CNS ... #Leukemia #Hematology ... #Oncology #Diagnosis
Sjogren's Syndrome Overview Epidemiology: • F > M: 9:1 • 5-6th Decades (can be any age) Autoimmune exocrinopathy multisystemic disease
Parotid swelling CNS ... nervous system (CNS ... • 8%-27% for CNS ... effusion, INC risk ... Sjogrens #Syndrome #Rheumatology
Mycoses HISTOPLASMOSIS • Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body • Bird
pulmonary symptoms • Rheumatologic ... especially the CNS ... MC: CNS CSF: • ... • Sinusitis • Brain ... anidulafungin) • Intravascular
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework When to Consider Vasculitis: • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions • Mononeuritis multiplex • Hematuria, proteinuria,
- Differential Diagnosis ... oligoclonal bands • MRI ... tract, and often causes ... chorioretinitis, CNS ... #Rheumatology
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