42 results
Overall Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Loss
 • Acute Bleed - Normocytic / Normochromic
Diagnosis Algorithm Blood ... Decreased RBC ... Thalassemia • RBC ... Disorder • RBC ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Blood Product Components, Contents, Volume and Shelf Life

Whole blood (autologous or directed donations) - RBC and
directed donations) - RBC ... Hct of 70-80% - RBC ... plasma, a few RBC ... ofplasma, a few RBC ... Volume #Hematology #Management
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
Causes of False ... == Decreased RBC ... Glucose Content • RBC ... Reduction == Increase RBC ... Dilutional Effect • RBC
Plasmodium Falciparum Blood Smear.
Key features suggesting Plasmodium falciparum:
- extreme parasitemia
- normocytic RBCs (vivax, ovale prefer big
Plasmodium Falciparum Blood ... parasitemia - normocytic RBCs ... multiples per RBC ... P. falciparum causes ... human malaria cases
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Alwavs Repeat Blood ... while drawing blood ... ischemia-induced RBC ... hemolysis) • RBC ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Urinalysis >3 RBCs ... (proteinuria, RBC ... RBCs)? ... Nephrology if cause ... Workup #urology #blood
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
urine • 1ml blood ... Hematuria: 3 or more RBC ... hematuria: - RBC ... - Dysmorphic RBC ... #renal #urine #blood
Causes of Anemia with Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased Heme Synthesis or
Causes of Anemia ... - Fe/TlBC, MCV/RBC ... : Chronic Blood ... TIBC Normal - MCV/RBC ... inclusions in RBC
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
↑ LDH • Anti-RBC ... type ± C3d • Blood ... 2) LOOK FOR a cause ... Anemia #diagnosis #management
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Algorithm Vascular Causes ... stone, Malignancy, PBC ... • Bilirubin: RBC ... cardiac muscle, RBC ... • LDH: Heart, RBC