31 results
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
== Decreased RBC ... Glucose Content • RBC ... turnover • Acute blood ... • End-stage renal ... Increase #Decrease #Diagnosis
Pharmacological Treatment of Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Midodrine - Alpha agonist incr blood pressure incr renal perfusion pressure
Pharmacological Treatment ... Alpha agonist incr blood ... pressure incr renal ... Nephrology #Management #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Treatment
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... urine • 1ml blood ... casts → Diagnostic ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #urine #blood
Shock - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 - MAP <65. SBP <90, drop in SBP > 40
 -
- Differential Diagnosis ... , Severe pHTN, Constrictive ... • Hypovolemic: Blood ... Dehydration Shock Treatment ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
Hemolytic Anemia 1) DIAGNOSE ... ↑ LDH • Anti-RBC ... type ± C3d • Blood ... Hemolytic #Anemia #diagnosis ... #management #treatment
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
multiplex WORKUP & DIAGNOSIS ... reveals increasing blood ... gross hematuria, RBC ... #differential #diagnosis ... #management #treatment
Hematuria in Post-Renal Transplant Patient
Prevalence up to 12% in the postrenal transplant patient
 • Bacterial: Escherichia
Hematuria in Post-Renal ... #Hematuria #Renal ... #differential #diagnosis ... #kidney #blood ... urine #management #treatment
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology Atlas
 • Microcytic - Iron-deficiency anemia, Thalassemia, Sideroblastic anemia, Lead poisoning
Red Blood Cell ( ... RBC) Morphology ... • Burr cells - Renal ... coagulopathy (DIC) #RBC ... Morphology #Atlas #key #diagnosis
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis ... (proteinuria, RBC ... Nephrology for renal ... uw_IMresidency #Hematuria #Diagnosis ... Workup #urology #blood
Metformin: Biguanide
Metformin is the first-line medication for treatment of type 2 diabetes. It is very effective
medication for treatment ... effective in lowering blood ... attention to patients renal ... #Metformin #Pharmacology