13 results
Diagnosis of ascites according to the serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG)
SAAG ≥ 1.1:
 - Ascitic protein
ascites albumin gradient ... Budd-Chiari syndrome, IVC ... ascites #albumin #gradient ... #hepatology #differential ... #diagnosis #algorithm
Recurrent / Breakthrough DVT During Anticoagulation

Subtherapeutic Anticoagulation
Hypercoagulable State 
 - Antithrombin deficiency 
 - Hypercoagulability ot
Structural - Pelvic masses ... Congenital agenesis of IVC ... anticoagulation #hematology ... #differential #algorithm
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
portal vein and IVC ... ) estimated by gradient ... Post-Hepatic: • Cardiac causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes ... #hepatology
Lymphomas and Lymphoproliferative Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hodgkin Lymphoma ~40% - Characteristic For Reed-Sternberg (RS) Cells
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Lymphoproliferative #Disorders #Classification ... #pathophysiology ... #Hematology #Diagnosis ... #differential #algorithm
Classification of Pelvic Ring Fractures: Mechanisms, Clinical Features and Complications
 • Anterior Posterior Compression (APC) -
Classification of ... MVC, cyclist) ... PelvicRing #Fractures #Classification ... #Grades #Grading ... complications #pathophysiology
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Caused by splanchnic ... Pathophysiology: ... Exclude other AKI causes ... Classification: ... Hepatorenal #Syndrome #Hepatology
Hepatic Encephalopathy - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Definition:
 • Alteration in brain function manifested by neuropsychiatric symptoms
rule out other causes ... supplementation, IV ... Encephalopathy #Grading ... #Classification ... Management #treatment #hepatology
Diabetic Foot: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Polyol Pathway - Excess glucose enters Polyol pathway ->
Glycosylation - AGE cause ... increasing cytogenetic dysfunction ... • Increased PKC ... in inopportune loading ... #DiabeticFoot #pathophysiology
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
ATRA treatment Pathophysiology ... • Steroids: IV ... severe APLS, organ dysfuxtion ... fluid overload, PCC ... diagnosis #management #hematology
Thiamine Deficiency - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Clinical Manifestations

Causes of Thiamine Deficiency:
 • Poor intake:
	- Diets
Manifestations Causes ... rice/processed grains ... lactate decrease PVR ... and myocardial dysfunction ... beriberi #nutrition #pathophysiology