117 results
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Parathyroid hormone–dependent ... Primary hyperparathyroidism ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... #Causes #Differential
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... structure-related • Primary hyperparathyroidism ... disease • Tertiary hyperparathyroidism ... #Causes #endocrinology ... #diagnosis #differential
Causes of Hypocalcemia by Clinical Cause

Acute illness: pancreatitis, tumor lysis, severe illness - Secondary hyperparathyroidism from
Causes of Hypocalcemia ... by Clinical Cause ... illness - Secondary hyperparathyroidism ... disease - Secondary hyperparathyroidism ... #Causes #Differential
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Serum Mg: GI losses, Renal losses, Alcoholism, Malnutrition, Drug-Induced
Hypocalcemia - Differential ... Destruction of parathyroid ... sunlight • Other Causes ... emoryimchiefs #Hypocalcemia ... #Differential #
CHIMPANZEES Mnemonic for Causes of Hypercalcemia

C - Calcium supplementation
H - Hyperparathyroidism
I - Immobilization, Iatrogenic 
M -
CHIMPANZEES Mnemonic for Causes ... of Hypercalcemia ... supplementation H - Hyperparathyroidism ... syndrome P - Parathyroid ... #Calcium #Differential
Hypocalcemia Laboratory Evaluation

Serum levels of PTH, phosphorus, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate between
dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate ... : - Hypoparathyroidism ... activating mutation - Parathyroid ... Laboratory #Levels #Hyperparathyroidism ... Endocrinology #Differential
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
- Differential ... Normal PTH: • Hyperparathyroidism ... : Parathyroid adenoma ... , Parathyroid carcinoma ... #Differential #
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Hypercalcemia ... resorption: • Primary hyperparathyroidism ... Immobilization Hypercalcemia ... #Causes #differential
Hypercalcemia - EKG Findings
Causes of Hypercalcemia 
• Malignancy 
• Milk-alkali syndrome 
• Vitamin D toxicity 
•
Hypercalcemia - ... EKG Findings Causes ... Paget's disease • Hyperparathyroidism ... Electrocardiogram #Differential ... #Causes #Diagnosis
Causes of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism 
 • Possible Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... - Differential ... Algorithm • Primary Hyperparathyroidism ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes