54 results
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
usually IgG) (e.g. lupus ... cold agglutin disease ... e.g. sickle cell disease ... Extravascular #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic ... reticulocytes • Hemolysis ... • Blood smear: Differential ... diagnosis #management #treatment ... #rheumatology
Causes of Splenomegaly - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Infectious
 • Bacterial
 • Viral (EBV)
 • Parasitic
 • Fungal
Congestive
Splenomegaly - Differential ... Inflammatory • Systemic Lupus ... Serum Sickness Hemolytic ... Spleen #Enlarged #Differential ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - Diagnosis
Manifestations:
 - Arthritis 69%
 - Malar rash 40%
 - Fever 36%
 -
Lymphadenopathies 7% - Hemolytic ... (aPL) 30-45% Differential ... auto-immune, Infectious diseases ... sclerosis, Still's disease ... #rheumatology
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
Pancytopenia - Differential ... Congenital Diseases ... : • Systemic lupus ... Antibody-mediated hemolysis ... #Diagnosis #Hematology
ANA Patterns and Associated Rheumatic Diseases:
 • Homogeneous: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Mixed connective tissue disease
Associated Rheumatic Diseases ... connective tissue disease ... , Drug-induced Lupus ... ANA #patterns #rheumatology ... #diagnosis #differential
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... - Differential ... Consider sickle cell disease ... #Anemia #Differential ... Algorithm #workup #hematology
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) - Differential Diagnosis Table

Warm AIHA (48-70%)
Cold AHA (16-32%)
 • Donath-Landsteiner HA (paroxysmal
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Anemia (AIHA) - Differential ... Cold Agglutinin Disease ... #Autoimmune #Hemolytic ... Diagnosis #Table #hematology
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Treatment
Warm AIHA:
1) Steroids - 1-2 mg/kg prednisone daily
   • Until
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Anemia (AIHA) Treatment ... esp if severe disease ... #Anemia #AIHA #Treatment ... #management #hematology
Seronegative Inflammatory Arthritis - Differential Diagnosis
 • Seronegative Rheumatoid Arthritis 
 • Infectious Arthritis: Viral, Bacterial,
Inflammatory Arthritis - Differential ... Systemic Rheumatic Disease ... : Systemic Lupus ... #arthritides #Differential ... #Diagnosis #rheumatology