60 results
Knee Examination
Right Knee - Examination maneuvers include the Lachman (ACL), anterior drawer (ACL), Lateral pivot shift,
include the Lachman (ACL ... anterior drawer (ACL ... ), Lateral pivot ... #Diagnosis #Sports
Lateral pivot shift test: Valgus stress on knee plus internal/external rotation of knee during knee flexion
Lateral pivot shift ... knee flexion #Diagnosis ... LateralPivotShift #Test #ACL
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis ... Hypertensive: • High Al ... aldosteronism • High Al ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE ... • Exogenous (KCL ... #differential #diagnosis ... pathophysiology #pharmacology
Ventilator Alarms
Increased Rate - Patient is tiring on a weaning mode or experiencing pain/anxiety
 - Reassess
cuff leak, check pilot ... leaks & tighten all ... cuff leak, check pilot ... leaks & tighten all ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
- Differential Diagnosis ... that is leaky all ... drain wide open all ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Causes #workup #nephrology
Effects of Strokes by Location - Anterior vs Posterior Localization

Anterior Circulation 
 - MCA 
 -
- MCA - ACA ... Localization #Effects #Neurology ... #Diagnosis #Table ... Review in Clinical Neurology
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
syndrome - Na-K-2Cl ... barrtin (recruits Cl ... Thiazide-sensitive Na—Cl ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
- Differential Diagnosis ... NGT suction, Low Cl ... • High Urine Cl ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
- Differential Diagnosis ... NGT suction, Low Cl ... • High Urine Cl ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #nephrology