31 results
Diuretics - Pharmacology

Thiazides diuretics:
 • Inhibit Na+ Cl- cotransporter in distal tubule
 • Chlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide,
Diuretics - Pharmacology ... Thiazides diuretics ... #Pharmacology # ... nephrology #conversion ... loop #thiazide #classes
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... plasma insulin (treatment ... , Osmotic diuresis ... #Hypokalemia #Causes ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Diuretics and Agents ... Symport (Loop Diuretics ... Kidney stones caused ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
CNS Ring-Enhancing ... + toxo IgG • CNS ... granulomatosis: • EBV-associated ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #radiology #neurology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Weakness, cramping, nausea ... only if no clear cause ... Bicarb<22) - avoid NS ... Redistribution Treatments ... #potassium #nephrology
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
CNS Manifestations ... autoantibodies that will cause ... Puncture, EEG Treatment ... Erythematosus #SLE #CNS ... #neurology #rheumatology
Bell's Palsy - Diagnosis and Management Summary - GrepMed Handbook

Acute Idiopathic Unilateral Facial Nerve (CN7) Palsy
Presentation:
Facial Nerve (CN7 ... sarcoid or other CNS ... inflammatory cause ... Diagnosis #Management #Treatment ... #Neurology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
present in 15% of cases ... Antimicrobial treatment ... Demyelinating disease caused ... effect/Edema • EBV ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
BEE Syndromes - Immune-mediated conditions affecting the brain, eye, and ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in conjunction
nervous system (CNS ... diagnosis and treatment ... Inflammatory causes ... BEE #Syndromes #neurology
Furosemide (Lasix) Pharmacology
 • IV Furosemide in Acute Heart Failure
 • Causes of Diuretic Resistance
 •
Furosemide (Lasix) Pharmacology ... Heart Failure • Causes ... of Diuretic Resistance ... • Approach to Diuretic ... #nephrology #pathophysiology