21 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
glomerular bleeding (proteinuria ... → Refer to Nephrology ... for renal biopsy ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology ... if cause not identified
Causes of acute kidney injury (AKI). AKI is classified into pre-renal, renal, and post-renal causes. Renal
renal, and post-renal ... causes. ... Renal causes of ... GBM, Glomerular ... #Sites #Nephrology
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
sensitive) • AKI ... eosinophiluria, microscopic hematuria ... , mild tubular proteinuria ... , granular casts ... AIN #Algorithm #nephrology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Brown urine - Proteinuria ... Causes of Hematuria ... thrombosis • Renal ... #urology #nephrology ... #renal #urine #
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... , proteinuria suggest ... intrinsic renal ... prostatic) #Diagnosis #EM ... #IM #Urology #Hematuria
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
syndrome—due to GBM ... hematuria. ... RBC casts in urine ... Proteinuria often ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
osmolarity If cause ... investigations depending on clinical ... ANCA, ANA, Anti-GBM ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Kidney Injury (AKI ... GN: ANCA, Anti-GBM ... Medicine @SCVMCMed #AKI ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes #algorithm
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Causes of Acute ... at least 50% Renal ... Glomerulonephritis • Anti-GBM ... Sjögren) Post-Renal ... #KidneyInjury #Nephrology
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Pulmonary Renal ... Dyspnea, Fever, Hematuria ... • Urinalysis (proteinuria ... anti-ANCA ab, anti-GBM ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology