14 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
glomerular bleeding (proteinuria ... → Refer to Nephrology ... and referral to Urology ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology ... Algorithm #Workup #urology
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN) 
 - Loss of kidney function over a short period of tirne
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis ... glomerular disease (hematuria ... , proteinuria) ... staining #Glomerulonephritis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
syndrome—due to GBM ... hematuria. ... RBC casts in urine ... Proteinuria often ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
glomerulopathies • Causes ... Brown urine - Proteinuria ... and SMA - Can cause ... Urethra/Prostate Causes ... #urology #nephrology
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
of Macroscopic Hematuria ... RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... , proteinuria suggest ... prostatic) #Diagnosis #EM ... #IM #Urology #Hematuria
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
Cytomegalovirus; GBM ... membrane; GN = glomerulonephritis ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... Hematuria may be ... nephrotic #syndrome #nephrology
Staphylococcus-associated GlomeruloNephritis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
CLINICAL
 • Nephritic syndrome (Casts)
 • Marked proteinuria (may be
Staphylococcus-associated GlomeruloNephritis ... Nephritic syndrome (Casts ... ) • Marked proteinuria ... 15% macroscopic haematuria ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN
 • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis ... dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts ... , +/- proteinuria ... immune deposits on EM ... #MPGN #nephrology
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis ... Dyspnea, Fever, Hematuria ... • Urinalysis (proteinuria ... anti-ANCA ab, anti-GBM ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
and signs • Glomerulonephritis ... cryoglobulins, hepatitis serology ... , HIV serology, ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes