11 results
diagnosis algorithm differential hyponatremia hypernatremia management syndrome alkalosis cardiorenal causes cerebral chloride comparison gitelman hypokalemia hypotonic kidney mechanisms metabolic nephrolithiasis
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
sodium and serum ... sodium low, uric ... sodium high and ... uric acid low in ... Algorithm #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Osmolarity 2) Urine ... Sodium 4) Serum ... Uric Acid - Low ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium #low #uricacid
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses •
uric acid >4 • Urine ... Hypothyroidism, Low ... uric acid >4 • Urine ... algorithm #diagnosis #sodium ... #low #nephrology
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 1) Neurological event 2) Sodium loss from tubules 3) Naturiesis →
Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology ... Neurological event 2) Sodium ... → Increased urine ... SaltWasting #SIADH #Pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L High
water loss, Serum Sodium ... 145 mmol/L High Urine ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... Urine Osmolality ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Mechanisms of nephron damage in cardiorenal syndrome • Increased renal interstitial pressure • Hypoperfusion • Reduced
Reduced renal blood flow ... hypertrophy • Sodium ... syndrome #Mechanisms #pathophysiology ... #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... Urine chloride is ... sodium is typically ... the excretion of sodium ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
volume-based algorithm Urine ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... can be high or low ... Primary polydipsia), Low ... #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Algorithm 1) Check Urine ... • Euvolemic (Low ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones Acute Managment: • Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids • Facilitating passage of stone:
retrieve stone using urine ... protein - Low ... sodium diet ... Protein diet - Urine ... Management #Pediatrics #nephrology
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